The IIHS focuses on the factors that do and do not work in preventing motor vehicle crashes in the first place and reducing injuries in the crashes that still occur. The IIHS's research concerns the countermeasures aimed at all three factors in motor vehicle crashes (human, vehicular, and environmental) and on interventions that can occur before, during, and after an automobile accident to reduce losses. An affiliated organization is the Highway Loss Data Institute (HLDI).