Thwarting Piracy and Terror on the High Seas

July 2009

If we don't get piracy on the high seas under control, it will only be a matter of time before a terrorist organization like al-Qaeda takes advantage of free-trade vulnerabilities by hijacking a large vessel and using it to cause death and destruction!

by David Nicastro
Secure Source, Inc.

Neither the U.S. government, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the maritime industry, nor the shipping companies themselves can seem to get a grip on the problem. According to statistics maintained by the Rand Corporation, there have been over 1,800 attacks since 2004, and presently pirates are holding more than 15 ships and 300 crew members hostage around the world.

Security professionals believe it is only a matter of time before a terrorist group uses a tanker or large cargo vessel to carry out a plot to inflict mass casualties and wreak havoc on an already perilous global economy. If this were to occur, the costs would be astronomical. Loss of life, the resultant economic impact, and the ensuing downstream government intervention and regulation could make the events of 9/11 pale in comparison.

Before and since the Maersk Alabama incident, there has been sporadic and unfocused debate around controlling piracy on the high seas. Officials and pundits have seemingly failed to grasp the overall gravity of the overarching threats, producing little discussion and implementation of nor have the right countermeasures. On April 30, 2009, Captain Richard Phillips testified before a Senate Committee. He favored deploying military escorts and retired former law enforcement officers, as well as arming merchant crew members, in order to stave off pirates.

Risk Management Needed

It is obvious that what we need is a real-world, cost-effective approach to protect crews and vessels and to stop the pirates in their tracks. More importantly, the overall international sea lane security program needs to show all the terrorists who are undoubtedly monitoring these events that the maritime industry has implemented the right processes and plans to thwart any efforts the rogues may make to exploit these weaknesses. Security planning and preparedness goes hand-in-hand and needs to include enhancing protection in an around U.S. ports and not only when navigating hostile waters such as those around the Horn of Africa.

Good security starts at the top. Senior leadership in the shipping companies and the unions that represent merchant marines need to embrace the notion that it is worth their investing time and money in developing integrated security processes, procedures, and materials needed to protect employees, vessels, cargoes, and the public.

It seems foolhardy and wasteful to think of maritime security risks only in the context of today's piracy problems without considering the potential for a 9/11 attack on the high seas.

Developing a Security Program

So what is needed to build an effective ship security program? Once committed, each shipping company and carrier should develop and implement overlapping security countermeasures. Commanders and their crews of at-risk vessels need to adapt, improvise, and overcome when looking at ways to become a hardened target. A real-world approach would center around using off-the-shelf security products that are legal in any port in the world and providing safe havens for crew members on each vessel.

Carrying guns and deploying sniper teams are not appropriate measures. Port officials would never allow armed crews within their jurisdictions. The preferred approach would be to deploy various types of intrusion detection, GPS, wireless CCTV and technologies, nonlethal weapons, and crew training and avoidance procedures to thwart piracy on the high seas. An effective security plan hinges on the ship's intrusion detection system. If crew members can't identify a suspect vessel when it approaches their ship, then they are open to a multitude of threats ranging from piracy to theft and, oh yeah, terrorism.


Opinions expressed in Expert Commentary articles are those of the author and are not necessarily held by the author's employer or IRMI. Expert Commentary articles and other IRMI Online content do not purport to provide legal, accounting, or other professional advice or opinion. If such advice is needed, consult with your attorney, accountant, or other qualified adviser.

Home > Free Risk & Insurance Information > Expert Commentary > Terrorism > Managing Risk > Thwarting Piracy and Terror on the High Seas (July 2009)